Containers are the most common unit in international sea freight. Understanding container types and sizes is fundamental to cargo planning, stowage and quoting. This article covers dry, open top, flat rack, reefer and tank containers plus DG packing precautions.
Choosing the right container affects loading efficiency, freight cost and safety. This article summarizes the dimensions and uses of common container types, with a focus on the special requirements for packing dangerous goods.
1. Dry Freight Containers
| Type | Int. length (mm) | Int. width (mm) | Int. height (mm) | Volume (m3) | Max payload (kg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20'GP | 5,895 | 2,352 | 2,392 | 33.2 | 21,700 |
| 40'GP | 12,032 | 2,352 | 2,392 | 67.7 | 26,500 |
| 40'HC | 12,032 | 2,352 | 2,698 | 76.4 | 26,480 |
| 45'HC | 13,556 | 2,352 | 2,698 | 86.1 | 27,600 |
2. Open Top Container
No fixed roof; uses waterproof tarpaulin. Suitable for over-height cargo and large machinery. 20' open top about 31.5 m3, 40' about 65.7 m3.
3. Flat Rack Container
Foldable end walls, no side walls, for over-width or over-height cargo such as large equipment, yachts and engineering machinery. Common in 20' and 40'.
4. Refrigerated Container (Reefer)
Equipped with a refrigeration unit for precise temperature control, suitable for food, pharmaceuticals and some chemicals. Temperature range typically -25 C to +25 C. Available in 20' and 40'/40'HC.
5. Tank Container
For liquid, gas or powder cargo such as chemicals and food liquids, often used for dangerous liquid cargo. Specifications include T11, T14 etc., with volumes typically 14,000 to 26,000 litres.
6. DG Packing Precautions
- Packaging must comply with DG requirements and have a packaging certificate
- The container exterior must carry the appropriate DG labels
- A Dangerous Goods Declaration (DGD) must be provided
- Some DG have stowage requirements and cannot share a container or vessel with certain cargo
- Liquid DG is best shipped in tank containers to avoid leakage risk
Need container planning or DG packing?
Ginga Logistics provides FCL/LCL booking, container selection advice and DG packing & bracing services to keep your cargo safe and compliant.
Hunk Hu Mobile: +86-15692136029 Email: oversea22@gingalogistics.com
Xyla Mobile: +86-18321527277 Email: oversea33@gingalogistics.com